Multilingualism on the Web

This study surveys the expansion of non-English use on the Internet and evaluates efforts to preserve linguistic diversity online. It catalogues web-based language resources such as directories, dictionaries, textual corpora, and terminological databases. It examines translation technologies, contrasting machine translation, computer-assisted tools, and practical localization challenges. Drawing on interviews and case studies, it presents language-related research projects and institutional initiatives. It also illustrates points with examples of national-language projects and large textual databases and provides indexes of websites and contributors. The work concludes by outlining challenges and possible directions for improving multilingual access and tools on the web.