Abuse, Torture, and Trauma and their Consequences and Effects

The work examines forms of interpersonal and institutional maltreatment and the short- and long-term psychological, physical, and social consequences that follow. It describes clinical manifestations such as post-traumatic stress, dissociation, mood and anxiety disorders, cognitive and somatic symptoms, and alterations in attachment and identity; it considers neurobiological and developmental mechanisms that underlie these effects. The text surveys assessment challenges, therapeutic approaches and rehabilitation strategies, and the complications of secondary victimization. It also addresses prevention, legal and ethical issues, and the needs of survivors and caregivers.