The Great White North / The story of polar exploration from the earliest times to the discovery of the pole

A chronological account traces polar exploration from ancient references and Norse voyages through sixteenth-to-nineteenth-century expeditions, describing searches for the Northwest Passage, early scientific and sledge journeys, shipborne voyages beset by ice, and later national attempts that culminate with the reported attainment of the Pole in 1909. Drawing on explorers' own reports, official accounts, and contemporary illustrations and maps, the narrative emphasizes practical hardships, geographic discoveries, and the endurance, sacrifice, and techniques that defined Arctic travel, organized into thematic chapters surveying individual voyages, shifting methods, and the gradual filling in of the far northern chart.