The Apothecary in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg / Being an Account of his medical and chirurgical Services, as well as of his trade Practices as a Chymist

An account of apothecial practice in eighteenth-century Williamsburg describes the apothecary's medical, surgical, and commercial roles, tracing continuities with Galenic theory, common treatments such as purging and bleeding, and use of botanical and mineral remedies. It outlines the division between university-trained physicians, barber-surgeons, and apprentice-trained apothecaries, their economic interactions, and the movement of drugmaking toward wholesalers. Legal and regulatory measures, fee disputes, and examples of advertisements and innovations illustrate the trade's social and economic context and everyday practices of compounding medicines, wound care, and operating in a colonial setting.