Old Quebec: The Fortress of New France

A compact historical account follows European exploration and colonization along the St. Lawrence, the founding and growth of the fortified city, and the religious, administrative, and social institutions of the colonial regime. It examines frontier warfare, repeated sieges and military campaigns that culminated in a transfer of imperial control, and the transition to British governance. The narrative surveys economic life, including fur trade companies, relations with Indigenous peoples, urban and military architecture, and daily existence under the ancien régime, then traces nineteenth-century reconstruction, political reforms, and modernization, with supporting illustrations, biographical sketches, and appendices for reference.